Pipe Sizing Charts Tables
CLOSED SYSTEMS
Design Criteria: 3' Frictional Pressure Drop per 100' Pipe Length with a Maximum Velocity of 10 ft/sec
Figure - 1 Friction Loss for CLOSED Piping Systems: Schedule 40 Steel Source: Carrier Systems Design
OPEN SYSTEMS
Design Criteria: 3' Frictional Pressure Drop per 100' Pipe Length with a Maximum Velocity of 10 ft/sec
Figure - 2 Friction Loss for OPEN Piping Systems: Schedule 40 Steel Source: Carrier Systems Design
COPPER Physical Dimensions and Sizing Criteria (ASPE Data Book)
PLASTIC Physical Dimensions and Sizing Criteria (ASPE Data Book)
Copper Pipe Sizing Chart
Design Criteria: 3' Frictional Pressure Drop per 100' Pipe Length with a Maximum Velocity of 10 ft/sec
Figure - 3 Friction Loss for Copper Piping Systems: Types K, L, & M Source: Carrier Systems Design
CAST IRON Physical Data Hydraulic Handbook Colt Industries
ALUMINUM , BRASS Handbook for Mechanical Engineers : Baumeister & Marks
PIPE DESIGN BASED ON HAZEN WILLIAMS FORM(UfL=A0.2083 x (100/C)^1.85 x Q^1.85/D^4.8635 )
Source: Cameron Hydraulic Data, 1926-62
Dynamic Pressure Losses through Fittings
EL = L/D* D (EL = Equivalent Length. L=Pipe Length, D = Pipe Diameter)
Velocity Pressure Factor (K) forWater : K = C*D**E: Pressure Drop (PD) = K*VP
Dynamic Pressure Losses through Valves
EL = L/D* D (EL = Equivalent Length. L=Pipe Length, D = Pipe Diameter)
Velocity Pressure Factor (K) forWater : K = C*D**E: Pressure Drop (PD) = K*VP
PROPERTIES OF LIQUIDS
STEAM PRESSURE CLASSIFICATION AND PIPE SIZING DESIGN CRITERIA
LOW PRESSURE STEAMPIPE SIZING CRITERIA : Flow Rates of Steam (lbs/hr)
MEDIUM PRESSURE STEAM PIPE SIZING CRITERIA : Flow Rates of Steam (lbs/hr)
HIGH PRESSURE STEAMPIPE SIZING CRITERIA : Flow Rates of Steam (lbs/hr)
Pressure Drop (psi/100') sizing criteria for open gravity (sloped pipe) condensate return
CONDENSATE FLOWRATE (lbs/hr) Condensate Return Pressure = 0 psig
PROPERTIES OF STEAM
Example: 6800 lbs per hour of steam flow in a 2 1/2 inch pipe at 100 psig pressure.
What is the pressure (psi) drop per 100 ft length of pipe and the flow velocity?
Answer: psi/100' = 11 velocity = 32,000 fpm
Figure - 17 Steam Flow Rates at Various Pressures and Velocities for Schedule 40 Pipe Source: ASHRAE
| Figure - 18 Steam flow at 30 psig Source: ASHRAE Design Criteria: 0.75 psi per 100 ft pipe Max Vel = 6,000 fpm |
| Figure - 19 Steam flow at 50 psig Source: ASHRAE Design Criteria: 1.0 psi per 100 ft pipe Max Vel = 8,000 fpm |
| Figure - 20 Steam flow at 100 psig Source: ASHRAE Design Criteria: 2.0 psi per 100 ft pipe Max Vel = 10,000 fpm |
| Figure - 21 Steam flow at 150 psig Source: ASHRAE Design Criteria: 2.0 psi per 100 ft pipe Max Vel = 10,000 fpm |
Natural Gas Pipe Sizing Tables and Charts
Steel Pipe - Schedule 40
Downstream Pressure
- inlet upstream pressure is more than 5 psig (35 kPa)
- fittings factor 1.2 - equivalent pipe length = pipe length + 20%
For natural gas the nominal BTU/cf varies from about 900 to 1100 BTU/cf. In general it is common to set
- 1 Cubic Foot (CF) = Approx 1,000 BTUs
- 1 CFH ≈ 1 MBH
- 1 Btu/h = 0.293 W
Steel Pipe - Schedule 40
- pressure less than 1 1/2 psig pressure drop 0.5 inches water column
- specific gravity of natural gas energy content in natural gas 10
- 1 Cubic Foot (CF) = Approx 1,000 BTUs 1 CFH = 1 MBH
- common to use fittings factor 1.5 - equivalent pipe length
in table above = pipe length + 50%
For natural gas the nominal BTU/cf varies from about
900 to 1100 BTU/cf. In general it is common to set
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The capacity of a low pressure natural gas (less than 1 psi) pipe line can be calculated with the Spitzglass formula like
q = 3550 k ( h / l SG)1/2 (1)
where
| q = natural gas flow capacity (cfh) | h = pressure drop (inWater Column) |
| l = length of pipe (ft) | k = [d5 /(1 + 3.6/d + 0.03 d)]1/2 |
| d = inside diameter pipe (in) | SG = specific gravity |
For natural gas the nominal BTU/cf varies from about 900 to 1100 BTU/cf . In general it is common to set
1 Cubic Foot (CF) = approx 1,000 BTUs
1 CFH = 1 MBH
The specific gravity of natural gas varies from 0.55 to 1.0 .
The downstream pressure in a houseline after the meter/regulator is in general in the
range of 7 to 11 inches Water Column, or about 1/4 psi.
Example - Natural Gas Pipe Capacity
The capacity of a 100 ft natural gas pipe with a nominal diameter 0.5 inches (actual ID 0.622 in )
and 0.5 inches WC pressure drop can be calculated as
k = [(0.622 in )5 /(1 + 3.6 / (0.622 in) + 0.03 (0.622 in))]0.117
q = 3550 0.117 ( (0.5 in) / (100 ft) 0.60 ) 1/2 = 37.9 cfh
Specific gravity of natural gas is set to 0.60.
Horizontal Fixture Branches and Stacks | Building Drains and Sewers |
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ROOF DRAIN AND LEADER SIZING
HORIZONTAL RAINWATER PIPE SIZING | HORIZONTAL RAINWATER PIPE SIZING |
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HORIZONTAL RAINWATER PIPE SIZING
Example of Primary-Secondary Piping Network System
