Need the emission factor for your local energy grid?

We've compiled a list of multipliers by region so you don't have to. This table presents average carbon dioxide equivalent (CO₂e) emissions factors for electricity across U.S. eGRID subregions. All values are rounded to the nearest 0.001 kg CO₂e/kWh.

How to Find Your eGRID Region

You can find your eGRID subregion using your ZIP code with the EPA’s Power Profiler tool:

• Go to: https://www.epa.gov/egrid/power-profiler
• Enter your ZIP code
• The tool will return your matching eGRID subregion and grid mix

This is the simplest way to determine the emissions factors that apply to your building or project.

Table: CO₂e Emission Factors by eGRID Subregion

How CO₂e Was Calculated

The emissions factor was derived using the following formula:

CO₂e (kg/MWh) = 
  (CO₂ lbs × 0.4536) +
  (CH₄ lbs × 25 × 0.4536) +
  (N₂O lbs × 298 × 0.4536)

CO₂e (kg/kWh) = CO₂e (kg/MWh) ÷ 1000
  

Where:

• 0.4536 is the conversion from pounds (lbs) to kilograms (kg)
• 25 is the 100-year Global Warming Potential (GWP) for methane (CH₄)
• 298 is the 100-year GWP for nitrous oxide (N₂O)

Source

Data adapted from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's eGRID 2022 Database.

Note: These are average output-based emission factors. For project-specific or marginal emission rates, consider using WattTime or OpenEI.